The SQE2 Dispute Resolution Outline contains the entire functioning knowledge specified by the SRA in relation to Dispute Resolution for the SQE2:

The principles, procedures and processes involved in dispute resolution

Different options for dispute resolution:

• The characteristics of arbitration, mediation and litigation which make them an appropriate mechanism to resolve a dispute.

Resolving a dispute through a civil claim:

• preliminary considerations: limitation, pre-action protocols:
• parties and causes of action
• calculating limitation periods for claims in contract and tort
• Practice Direction – Pre-action conduct
• principles and purpose of pre-action protocols governing particular claims and consequences for failure to follow their terms
• applicable law: mechanisms to determine which country’s laws apply to a contractual or tortious claim issued in the courts of England and Wales
• jurisdiction: mechanisms to determine jurisdiction over an international contractual or tortious claim.

Where to start proceedings:

• allocation of business between the High Court and the County Court
• jurisdiction of the specialist courts.

Issuing and serving proceedings:

• • issuing a claim form
  • adding, removing or substituting parties
  • service of a claim form within the jurisdiction
  • procedure for service of a claim form outside the jurisdiction (with or without the court’s permission) and mechanisms for effecting valid

service in another jurisdiction

• deemed dates of service and time limits for serving proceedings
• service by an alternative method.

Responding to a claim:

• admitting the claim
• acknowledging service and filing a defence and/or counterclaim
• disputing the court’s jurisdiction
• entering and setting aside judgment in default
• discontinuance and settlement
• time limits for responding to a claim.

Statements of case:

• purpose, structure and content of a claim form, particulars of claim, or defence relating to a claim in contract or tort
• purpose, structure and content of a reply, Part 20 claim, or defence to Part 20 claim
• requests for further information about statements of case
• amendments.

Interim applications:

• procedure for making an application
• purpose, procedure and evidence required for particular applications:
  • summary judgment
  • interim payments
  • interim injunctions.

Case management:

• the overriding objective
• track allocation
• case management directions for cases proceeding on the fast or multi-tracks
• non-compliance with orders, sanctions and relief
• costs and case management conferences.

Evidence:

• relevance, hearsay and admissibility
• the burden and standard of proof
• expert evidence -
  • opinion evidence
  • duties of experts
  • single joint experts
  • discussion between experts
• witness evidence -
  • witness statements
  • affadavits.

Disclosure and inspection:

• standard disclosure
• orders for disclosure
• specific disclosure
• pre-action and non-party disclosure
• electronic disclosure
• privilege and without prejudice communications
• waiver of privilege.

Trial:

• summoning witnesses
• preparations for trial -
  • purpose of pre-trial checklists and hearings
  • purpose of trial bundles.
• trial procedure
• the nature and effect of judgment.

Costs:

• costs management and budgeting
• inter-partes costs orders (interim and final)
• non-party costs
• qualified one-way costs shifting
• Part 36 and other offers
• security for costs
• fixed and assessed costs.

Appeals:

• permission
• destination of appeals
• grounds for appeals.

Enforcement of money judgments:

• oral examination
• methods of enforcement
• procedure and mechanisms for effecting valid enforcement in another jurisdiction.

Core principles of contract law

Formation:

• offer and acceptance
• consideration
• intention to create legal relations
• certainty
• capacity.

Parties:

• privity of contract
• rights of third parties.

Contract terms:

• express terms
• incorporation of terms
• terms implied by common law and statute
• exemption clauses
• the interpretation of contract terms (conditions, warranties and innominate terms)
• variation.

Vitiating factors:

• misrepresentation
• mistake
• unfair contract terms
• duress and undue influence
• illegality.

Termination:

• expiry or other specified event
• breach
• frustration
• basic principles of restitution and unjust enrichment in the context of termination of contract.

Remedies:

• damages
• liquidated sums and penalties
• specific performance
• injunctions
• duty to mitigate
• indemnities
• guarantees.

Causation and remoteness

Core principles of tort

Negligence:

• duty of care (standard (general and professional)) and breach
• causation (single and multiple)
• remoteness and loss
• principles of remedies for personal injury and death claims
• claims for pure economic loss arising from either a negligent act or misstatement
• claims for psychiatric harm
• employers’ primary liability (operation and effect of the common law principles).

Defences:

• consent
• contributory negligence
• illegality
• necessity.

Principles of vicarious liability

Occupiers’ Liability:

• legal requirements for a claim under the Occupiers’ Liability Act 1957 (in relation to visitors) and the Occupiers’ Liability Act 1984 (in relation to non-visitors)
• defences
• exclusion of liability.

Product liability:

• principles in negligence
• principles of the Consumer Protection Act 1987.

Nuisance:

• public and private nuisance
• the rule in Rylands v Fletcher
• remedies (damages and injunctions) and defences.